“边疆假说”的理论源起——特纳早年的师友交往及阅读经历

19世纪后半叶以来,生源论、土地与移民学说、殖民主义与帝国主义,以及美利坚民族主义等相互激荡的社会思潮,构成了边疆假说源起的复杂理论背景。在1893年发表《边疆在美国历史上的重要性》以前,特纳先后求学于威斯康星大学和约翰·霍普金斯大学,受教于威廉·艾伦、理查德·埃利、赫伯特·亚当斯和伍德罗·威尔逊等师友,接触过西奥多·罗斯福、亨利·乔治、罗里亚及沃克和甘尼特等人的著述。通过批判地汲取上述学者的论见,特纳逐步明确了社会进化、无主土地及边疆等概念,形成了现时主义、相对主义与整体史的治史风格,由此创造性地构建起边疆假说的理论体系。

The Origins of Frontier Hypothesis:by Frederick J.Turner's Academic Exchange and Readings before 1893

Since the late mid 19th century,the coexistent social thoughts including the theory of genesis,the arguments about the land and immigrants,colonialism,imperialism and American nationalism,provided the complex theoretical backgrounds for the genesis of the Frontier Hypothesis.Before the publication ofThe significance of the frontier in American historyin 1893,Turner was supervised by William F.Allen in the University of Wisconsin,and then Richard T.Ely,Herbert B.Adams and Woodrow Wilson in the University of ...