旅游地环境承载力合理阈值量测研究新探索

纵观现有旅游地环境承载力理论与应用研究,成果主要集中在从不同角度对其概念、量测指标体系及在旅游管理与规划领域的运用进行探讨,其阈值量测则以静态极值为主,且个案居多,表明学界尚未形成统一的理论研究范式与共同纲领。更为重要的是,旅游地合理承载力阈值研究仅作为概念获得共识,定量分析尤显不足。基于上述原因,本文从复杂系统理论出发,在深入分析旅游地环境承载力与生命周期之间耦合关系的基础上构建了旅游地动态演化模型及其理论研究框架。该研究一方面为探寻旅游地环境承载力理论提供一种新思路,另一方面解决了环境承载力合理阈值量测这一旅游地可持续发展的核心问题。

A RESEARCH ON REASONABLE THRESHOLD OF TOURISM ENVIRONMENT CARRYING CAPACITY

Tourism Environment Carrying Capacity (TECC), which is one of the most controversial issues in the field of tourism studies, is influenced by many factors including the way of exploitation, the type and intensity of usage, values and strategies adopted by the tourism destination administrators, visitors' understanding of the definition of ‘being crowded’. The current theories and research methods mainly concentrate on the discussion of concepts, the system of measuring index and usage of TECC in the field of tourism management and planning. Also, the measuring method of threshold value of TECC is based on static extreme value with a method of case study. Furthermore, the ideas of current researchers about TECC run against the policy of tourism destination sustainable development. And the most important defect is the lack of quantitative research conducted on threshold value of TECC. All of these reveal that a research paradigm has not formed in this academic field. Based on the analysis of theories and the relationship between TECC and the lifecycle of a tourism destination, this paper establishes a model of tourism destination dynamic evolution and a framework of theoretical. This research, on one hand, provides a new way to apply TECC theory. On the other hand, it resolves the key issues of tourism destination sustainable development which is the reflection of threshold value of TECC. For further research, the findings can be used to set up early warning system of TECC to forecast and control the evolution process of the complex tourism destination system. Thereby, the problems of the research on TECC, including lack of being systematic, comprehensive and dynamic as well as the early warning function, will be solved. Meanwhile, this system can provide strategies for tourism planners to develop the tourism destinations.