麦卡锡主义与美国中国学研究

美国重视对远东和太平洋地区的研究 ,尤其是对中国的研究是随着战后政治、经济、军事实力的大增而兴起的 ,美国对新中国的关注 ,目的是使美国的“中国学”研究 ,从单纯的学术探讨转而公开为美国全球战略、国家利益服务 ,这是战后美国研究中国的一个重要特点。本文探讨的是麦卡锡主义时期美国中国学研究状况。

McCarthyism and China Studies in the United States

American attention to study of the Far East and Pacific region,especially of China,followed America's political,economic and military rise after the Second World War.American academic interest in the new China followed from an overall goal of elevating American China studies from a purely academic pursuit to one in the service of America's global strategy and national interests.This paper examines China studies in the post|war US,focusing on the effects of McCarthyism on the field.It describes how the US government funded a major growth of research on China in the post|war period.It explains how McCarthyite anti|communism shaped American understanding of the new China by silencing critics sympathetic to China and by magnifying fears of Chinese aggression.Finally,this paper explains how,despite these setbacks,during the 1950s there was a dramatic growth in American research and publications on China.It explains how the establishment of new journals and research centers at universities laid the way for rapid growth of China studies in the 1960s and 1970s.