中国散杂居回族社区的关系建构及理论阐释——以开封为个案

回族作为"最熟悉的陌生人",其关系建构问题近年来日益受到多个学科的关注。论文以"关系经济地理学"强调的情景性、路径依赖和权变性观点为思想来源,构建了回族社区关系建构的理论分析框架。案例研究发现,散杂居回族社区的关系建构是"大尺度分散"和"小尺度集聚"的地缘结构,"族内强关系"和"族外弱关系"的社会关系、基于资源禀赋和地理区位差异的特色经济网络,以及基于地方传统和路径依赖的教缘网络,在交互作用中产生和发展的,该解释框架对中国散杂居地区回族社区转型发展具有重要的理论价值。

RELATIONAL BUILDING AND THEORETICAL INTERPRETING OF CHINESE HUI COMMUNITIES WITH A SCATTERED LIVING IN SMALL AREAS: A CASE STUDY OF KAIFENG

Relational Building had become an important content in "relational turn" and "relational economic geography" in the past few years. As the most familiar strangers, the relational building of Chinese Muslim community had been growing concerned by multiple disciplines. Based on the contextuality, path-dependence and contingency, the paper constructed a theoretical framework of the relational building on Chinese Muslim community. Based on a case study of urban and rural Hui communities in Kaifeng, some valuable conclusions have been shown:① the geographical structure of Hui community has significant characteristics of "large-scale decentralized" and "small-scale concentrated" in scattered-mixed regions, as is consistent with "large dispersion and small concentration" characteristics at the national macro-scale; ② the "strong ties" maintaining "Hui endogamy" is the fundamental guarantee of constructing Hui social relations, and the "weak ties" maintaining "Hui-Han marriage" is the important way of expanding Hui social relations; ③ urban and rural Hui communities have a big difference from each other due to resource endowment, geographic location and traditional business model in scattered-mixed regions; ④ the construction of religious relationship has a strong "Jiao-Fang" tradition, and the spatial mobility of mosques' imams is very obvious path-dependence to specific provinces.