关于社会主体旅游方式决定因素的分析——兼论东西方旅游习惯差异的形成与表现

东西方国家民众的主体旅游方式和旅游传统有着明显差异，长期以来，西方人喜欢一地停留式的“度假旅游”，以中国人为典型代表的东方人则喜欢周游式“观光旅游”。本文认为，东西方之间在旅游文化上的这种差异，不但体现在社会主体旅游方式上，也体现在各自语言文化中有关旅游的日常用语上，还体现在旅游机构的名称，以及旅游统计口径和划分标准上。本文进一步认为，是以下六大因素决定了社会主体旅游方式的形成——文化观念、社会环境、地理条件、经济条件、心理因素、科技水平，并分析了它们如何作用于人们旅游习惯的形成。

An Analysis of the Determining Factor of Travel Styles of Social Subjects

There are significant differences between oriental and western eountries in the styels and traditions of travel activities of their social subjects. For a long time, westerners are fond of enjoying holiday tours at one destination while Chinese, a typical example of travelers from the oriental countries, prefer sightseeing tours which enable them to travel around in many places. This paper points out that the differences in tourist cultures between the west and east are not only displayed in travel styles of social subjects, bat also vividly demonstrated in everyday language of travel, the names of travel institutions, and the approaches of statisties and standards of calcification as well. The paper introduces six factors determining the formulation of social subjeets＇ travel styles; these include cultural coneepts, social environment, geographic conditions, economical status, physiological factors, and scientific and technologieal level of the society. It also analyzes how these factors influence the formulation of people＇s customs of travel.