朱子伦理思想与明清徽州商业伦理观的转换和建构

朱子以理欲之辨为核心,在公私、义利和诚信及四民职业伦理问题上承继传统儒家伦理的核心价值观,对之做了系统的新阐发。它要求每个人践行儒家伦理道德,正确处理各层面的公私关系,实现儒家的理想人格,以建立一个儒家的理想社会。在秉承朱子之学和家礼的明清徽州,为了适应新的商业社会发展需要,人们以朱子伦理观为基础,同时吸收明清思想家重视个人主体精神、个人治生及"新四民观"等职业伦理思想,建构起一种新的商业伦理观。明清徽州以天理为旨归和价值目标,崇尚"勤俭治家"和"崇俭黜奢"的原则。在处理与家族、乡里、社会和国家等不同层面的公私关系时,践行朱子的公私之辨,以奉公和利公为原则与理想追求。秉承朱子义利观,将以义取利、以义制利和化利为义落实到经营和生活的诸多方面。徽商在经营中崇奉朱子的诚信观,以契约理性来规范商业经营。在看待士商(儒贾)关系及其职业伦理价值时,对朱子的职业伦理观既有突破,更有持守。

On Zhuzi's ethic thoughts and its influences on transformation and construction of the ethical ideas of Huizhou merchants in the period of Ming and Qing Dynasties

Zhuzi regarded distinguishing natural-principles and people's desires as the core,inherited the traditional Confucian ethics of core values in the aspects of public or private,justice and honesty and four professional ethical issues people,and made a system of new exposition,wished to build a Confucian's ideal society.In the Ming and Qing Dynasties,the people of Huizhou observed Zhuzi's ethics thoughts,regarded natural-principles tenet and value goal,the advocated managing the household industriously and th...