氧气（O2）对文物材料的劣化作用

氧(O2)是大气的主要成分之一,地面上的很多物质都受到氧(O2)的作用而氧化变质,文物材料也不例外。有关空气污染物对文物的影响破坏已引起人们足够的重视,但由于氧是动植物生命活动所必需的,因而氧对文物材料的劣化作用及其防治方法至今没有受到重视。本工作以氧的分子结构、键能和成键特性为出发点,说明了氧的化学活性,以及它对金属文物和有机材料文物的劣化变质作用的方式和特点,以引起文物保护工作者对这一问题的重视。同时也论述了馆藏文物保护中的一些防氧措施,成膜法和环境封存法是今后应开展的相关研究课题。

The effect of oxygen on the ageing of culture relics

Oxygen is one of the main components of the atmosphere. All the matters, the culture relics' materials included, on the ground could be oxidized and deteriorate due to oxidation. The damages caused by air pollutants have been paid much attention, but since oxygen is essential to life of the creatures, the oxidation effect on the ageing of culture relics materials and the methods of prevention haven't been attached enough importance. Based on the molecule structure, bonding energy and bond-forming property, this study reveals the chemical activity of oxygen, the patterns and properties of the oxidation of metal and organic culture relics, so that the conservators can pay more attention to this problem. Some measures for oxygen-preventing were discussed, concluding that method of film-forming and method of environmental sealing for safekeeping will be the research topics in the future.