Plasma drifts inferred from thermospheric neutral winds and temperature gradients observed at low latitudes |
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| Institution: | 1. Rheumatology Unit, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, School of Medicine, Modena, Italy;2. Rheumatology Clinic ‘Madonna dello Scoglio’ Cotronei, Crotone, Italy;3. MASVE Interdepartmental Hepatology Center, Department of Experimental and clinical Medicine, University of Florence Center, Center for Research and Innovation CRIA-MASVE, Firenze, Italy;4. Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy;5. AOU Policlinico Vittorio Emanuele, Catania, Italy;6. UO Reumatologia – DETO, Università di Bari, Bari, Italy;7. UOD Reumatologia- Grande Ospedale Metropolitano, Reggio Calabria, Italy;8. Rheumatology Outpatient Clinic, San Giovanni di Dio Hospital, Crotone, Italy;9. University of Campania, Luigi Vanvitelli, Napoli, Italy;10. U.O.C. Medicina Interna “M.Valentini”, P.O. Annunziata, Cosenza, Italy;11. Ospedale “Villa Salus”, Mestre, Italy;12. Rheumatology Unit, “M. Scarlato” Hospital, Scafati (SA), Italy;13. Clinical Immunology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy;14. Rheumatology, Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy;15. Rheumatology Unit, Department of Biotechnological & Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L''Aquila, L''Aquila, Italy;p. Unità Operativa di Immunoreumatologia-Area Medicina Clinica Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Roma, Italy;q. U.O.S. Reumatologia, Ospedale Castrovillari, Cosenza, Italy;r. Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology and Critical Area, University of Pisa, School of Medicine, Pisa, Italy;s. Rheumatology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy;t. Department of Translational Research & New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, School of Medicine, Pisa, Italy;u. Department of Basic, Clinical, Intensive and Perioperative Biotechnological Sciences, Catholic University School of Medicine, Rome, Italy;v. Synlab Italia, Monza (MB), Italy;1. ACSE, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S1 3JD, UK;2. DAE, INPE, Sao Jose dos Campos, Brazil;3. Applied Mathematics, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK;1. COSMIC Program Office, University Corporation for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO, USA;2. CAS Key Laboratory of Geospace Environment, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China |
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| Abstract: | Low-latitude plasma drifts (zonal and meridional) in the F-region are inferred from the observed night-time thermospheric neutral wind velocities and temperature gradients, together with models for the neutral density (MSIS-86 model) and the electron density (IRI model). The thermospheric neutral winds and temperatures are derived from measurements of Doppler shifts and widths of the Oi 630.0 nm airglow emission line, respectively, using a Fabry-Perot interferometer at Cachoeira Paulista (23°S, 45°W), Brazil. The equations considered are the ideal gas law and the momentum equation for the thermosphere, which includes the time variation of the neutral wind, the pressure gradient which is related to the temperature and density gradients and the ion drag force. The present method to infer the night-time plasma drift using observed neutral parameters (time variation of neutral wind velocities and temperature gradients) showed results that are in reasonable agreement with our calculated plasma drifts and those observed in other low-latitude locations. On the other hand, it is surprising that sometimes the winds flow from the observed coldest sector to the hottest part of the thermosphere during many hours, suggesting that plasma drift can drive the neutral winds at low latitudes for a period of time. |
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