虚拟腹地：中国大陆口岸地位的度量与解释

口岸是对外开放的门户，支撑起了中国大陆全方位对外开放的格局。章引入虚拟腹地的概念，通过分析进出口商品流向，定量描述口岸对内影响能力，确定口岸的相对地位。并以虚拟腹地面积和通过口岸的进出口总量两个指标对39个口岸子群进行了类型划分。基于沿海、沿边口岸在整个开放体系中的重要性，章进一步分析了沿海、沿边各口岸群的相对地位和对内联系腹地的经济特征。

RANKING PORTS ON CHINESE MAINLAND WITH THE CONCEPT OF VIRTUAL HINTERLAND

The paper clusters the port into 39 subgroups based on administrative relation, and then 11 port groups based on spatial proximity. Characteristics calculated for each port subgroup and group include virtual hinterland's area, population, GDP, and the freight trade carried out by foreign funded companies The analysis shows that port subgroups, such as Shanghai, Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Tianjin, form the framework of the whole opening spatial structure. They have large freight flow and vast hinterland. Port subgroups like Dalian, Qingdao, Nanjing, Xiamen, Zhanjiang, play a secondary role. They fill up the vacancy between the hinterlands of the former four. Many other subgroups, although staying at the lowest level, have their own work to do. Cities near the highest-ranking subgroups will be the most internationalized in the future. Port groups like ChangJiang Delta, Zhujiang Delta and Coastal Central North China, are ranked highest. The areas around the ports of these groups are the most populated, most developed and also most frequented by foreign capital. The China metropolitan interlocking region has developed or is developing in these areas.