RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE COLORATION AND THE FIRING TECHNOLOGY USED TO PRODUCE SUSA GLAZED CERAMICS OF THE END OF THE NEOLITHIC PERIOD* |
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| Authors: | S LAHLIL A BOUQUILLON G MORIN L GALOISY C LORRE |
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| Institution: | 1. UMR 171 CNRS – Laboratoire du Centre de Recherche et de Restauration des Musées de France (C2RMF), Palais du Louvre, 14 quai Fran?ois Mitterrand, 75001 Paris, France;2. UMR 7590 CNRS – Institut de Minéralogie et de Physique des Milieux Condensés (IMPMC), Universités Paris 6&7 IPGP, 140 rue de Lourmel, 75015 Paris, France;3. Département d'Archéologie comparée, Musée d'Archéologie Nationale, Chateau, Place Charles de Gaulle, 78105 Saint‐Germain‐en‐Laye Cédex, France |
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| Abstract: | Ancient decorated potteries from Susa (Mesopotamia) dating from 4200 to 3700 bc , were studied in order to determine the origin and the nature of the raw materials used, and to identify the technological processes applied to make the ceramic bodies and their decorations. Bulk compositions were determined by particle induced X‐ray emission (PIXE), while the microstructure and the mineralogical phases were studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X‐ray analyses (EDX) and X‐ray powder diffraction (XRD). The results showed that the raw materials used to elaborate these potteries were similar for all the ceramic bodies (carbonates and iron and magnesium‐rich clays containing sand), and for all the decorations (iron oxides, silica, potassic and alumina sources). The variations of coloration of the ceramics and of their decorations were due to different firing temperatures. The ranges of firing temperatures used by potters were evaluated on the basis of mineral stability domains. |
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| Keywords: | SUSA CERAMIC ‘ GLAZE’ NEOLITHIC COLORATION FIRING PROCESS PHASE TRANSITION XRD PIXE SEM– EDX |
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