从历史地理看徽商的兴衰

多山少地的生存环境、俭朴的生活、商业中的诚信、儒家思想的影响,对徽商的形成和发展或许都起过作用,但对徽商这样一个商业群体来说,决定性的因素还是商品和市场.从历史地理的角度看,即根据当时的地理环境加以考察,徽商充分利用地理优势,稳定占有以长江三角洲为主的市场,经营的商品也摆脱了原籍的局限.与政治权力的结合使徽商获得食盐营销的特权,并以此迅速致富.徽商的最终衰落也在于市场的丧失和商品落后.

The thrive and decline of the Huizhou merchants viewed from historical geography

Mountainous area and the shortage of farmland,plain living standard,honesty and sincerity in business,the influence of the Confucius doctrines perhaps played roles in the forming and developing of the Huizhou merchants.The decisive factors for this merchandise group are nothing but market and commodities.From the historical geographic viewpoint,surveying the geographical environment at that time,the Huizhou merchants fully utilized favorable geographical situation,got rid or the limitation of the commodities from their hometowns and finally stabilized its market with the Yangtze River Delta as its main part.The collaboration with administrative power made the Huizhou merchants obtain the privilege for salt sale and become utterly rich rapidly.They declined soon as their market lost and the commodities became out of date.