民国学人宋代研究的取向及纠结

民国学人对于宋代研究渐趋推重，可是推崇最甚的陈寅恪、傅斯年等人，却很少专论宋代，而以宋为制高点研治整个中国历史文化提出的各项重大问题，如“宋学”渊源、宋代史学和新宋学等，引起各科学人的长期讨论。由此可见，要把握宋史、宋学、宋代史学、宋代思想学术的区别与联系，不宜用分科治学的眼光尤其是区分经史以及史料与史观的观念研究宋代历史及其思想学术文化；应该讲宋学，做汉学，一方面，治宋史必须通宋学，如治国史必须通知本国文化精意，另一方面，将包括义理等在内的一切虚玄思想还原为历史，既有道理，又可目验；应将两宋学术文化作为标高，纵横贯通古今中外的历史文化，有系统而不比附，不以赵宋为断代，方有望达到新宋学的高度，开创中国学术文化的新气象。

The Orientation of Republican Scholars toward Study of the Song Dynasty and Their Dilemma

Studies of the Song Dynasty gradually gained esteem among Republican scholars,but the scholars who admired Song studies the most,such as Chen Yinque and Fu Sinian,hardly ever actually wrote articles on the Song Dynasty.They just took the Song as a commanding height from which to research various important issues raised by the entirety of Chinese history and culture,such as the origin of Song Learning, the historiography of the Song,and the New Song Learning,touching off long-running discussions among schola...