旅游影响生成机制探析

本文从系统论的角度，探讨了旅游对目的地影响的生成机制问题。分析了旅游影响三大因子模块：旅游影响动力因子模块，即旅游流系统；旅游影响应力因子模块，即旅游目的地系统；旅游影响规范因子模块，即旅游制度创新系统。旅游流系统是通过旅游流各因子的各种行为对旅游影响产生驱动作用，从而使旅游目的地系统各旅游利益相关者产生响应行为，旅游制度创新系统通过规范各旅游利益相关者的行为来达到对旅游影响的调适和优化。这三大旅游影响因子模块是在5种旅游影响场：经济场、信息场、心理场、引力场和生态场的作用下相互影响、相互作用，以及通过旅游影响的不断反馈而生成的，从而得到一个旅游影响生成机制模型。

An Analysis on the Mechanism of Tourism Impacts

This paper applies systems theory in discussing the mechanism of tourism impacts on destinations.An in-depth analysis is given to three factor groups involved in the process of tourism impacts.They are,namely,tourist flow system which is the motive power,tourism destination system,the responding one,and innovated system of tourism instituion which is the regular factor.The relation between these three can be demonstrated as: tourist flow system drives tourism impacts by the respective behaviors of each of the factors in tourist flow,which results in the responding actions of tourism stakeholders in the tourism destination system.And the significant role of innovated system of tourism institution is to regulate the behaviors of the stakeholders so as to achieve the objective of well-adjusted optimized tourism impacts.The three factors groups are generated in five tourism impact fields including economy field,information field,psychology field,attraction field and ecology field.The mutual influences between them ultimately bring the mode of the mechanism of tourism impacts.