Sorting the Sheep from the Goats: Morphological Distinctions between the Mandibles and Mandibular Teeth of AdultOvis and Capra |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Archaeology and Prehistory, University of Sheffield, Northgate House, West Street, Sheffield, S1 4ET, U.K.;2. Institute of Archaeology, University College London, 31–34 Gordon Square, London, WC1H 0PY, U.K.;1. Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan;2. Nagoya University Museum, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan;3. Postdoctoral Research Fellow, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies, Shonan, Village, Hayama, Kanagawa 240-0193, Japan;4. Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography, National Academy of Sciences of Azerbaijan, Baku AZ-1143, Azerbaijan;5. The University Museum, The University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan;1. Department of Anthropology, 13-15 HM Tory Building, University of Alberta, T6G2H4, Canada;2. Department of History and Classics, 2-28 HM Tory Building, University of Alberta, T6G2H4, Canada;3. Department of Classics, 515 Portage Ave., University of Winnipeg, R3B2E9, Canada;4. Larissa Ephorate of Antiquities, Diachronic Museum of Larissa, Greece;1. Program in Human Ecology and Archaeobiology, Department of Anthropology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, USA;2. Department of Anthropology, Washington University of St. Louis, St. Louis, USA;3. English Heritage, UK;1. Department of Archaeology, University of Sheffield, Northgate House, West Street, S1 4DT, UK;2. Institute of Archaeology, University College London, 31-34 Gordon Square, London WC1H 0PY, UK |
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| Abstract: | Diagnostic criteria are described for the taxonomic discrimination of adult mandibles of sheep (Ovis aries) and goat (Capra hircus). These criteria, based on morphological distinctions in the mandible, permanent premolars (P3–P4) and molars (M1–M3), have been successfully tested on a large and diverse body of modern reference material. In conjunction with published work on deciduous premolars, the new criteria enable complete and fragmentary mandibles of young, adult and elderly individuals to be identified to sheep or goat with acceptable levels of accuracy. |
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