汉代庙制问题探讨

西汉采用了每帝各专一庙的“独宫庙制”,并因时立制广设郡国庙,空前强化了宗庙的政权象征作用。从汉元帝时开始,依照儒家经典变革庙制,废置了郡国庙,并初步确立了按昭穆迭毁宗庙的庙制原则。东汉前期,创立了“同堂异室”的庙制形式,西汉诸帝和东汉诸帝分祭于高祖庙和世祖庙。献帝初平年间,虽然采纳蔡邕建议,实行了以“天子七庙”为核心的复古改革,但却没有改变“同堂异室”的庙制形式。

Exploration into Temple System in the Han Dynasty

Du Gong temple system was adopted in the Western Han period,by which every emperor occupied one temple,and then many Jun Guo Miao temples were built all over the country,thus greatly strengthened the symbolic function of temples.But the Jun Guo Miao temples were abolished during the reign of Emperor Yuan under the influence of Confucianism,and the temple system of Zhao Mu Die Hui was established.In the early Eastern Han,the temple system of "different chambers in the same hall" was carried out,in which all the emperors of the Western and Eastern Han were worshiped in the temples of the first emperor and all the other emperors respectively.During the Chu Ping period of Emperor Xian's reign,restoration reforms,centered on "Seven Temples" proposed by Caiyong,were carried out,but the "different chambers in the same hall" temple system still existed.