莲花纹在西夏石窟藻井中的流变

莲花纹因其独特的造型、丰富的美感、高尚典雅的品格象征,被广泛应用于我国传统装饰纹样中。西夏时期是敦煌石窟艺术的新时期,其装饰纹样出现了新的变化。这一时期,石窟藻井装饰中莲花纹样的流变也出现了新的特征。一是在样式上由平瓣和卷瓣莲花纹逐渐向写实风格的莲花纹演变,二是在位置上由藻井井心逐渐位移到藻井边饰和四披,三是在技法上由以重线辅色向重色辅线演变。藻井装饰中莲花纹样的流变体现了西夏佛教石窟艺术在前期深受唐宋石窟艺术的影响下,逐渐形成了西夏自己的石窟装饰风格,这种变化也是西夏社会历史特别是佛教流派思想在艺术上的体现。

The Lotus Pattern Changes in the Caisson of Xixia Grottoes

Lotus pattern is widely used in Chinese traditional decorative pattern because of its unique shape,rich aesthetic feeling and noble and elegant character symbol.Xixia is a new period of Dunhuang grotto art,and its decorative patterns have new changes.In this period,the lotus patterns in the decoration of caisson grottoes also showed new characteristics.The first is the gradual evolution of lotus pattern from flat petal and lotus flower pattern to realistic style;the second is the gradual displacement from the center of caisson well to the edge of caisson well and four rings;the third is the evolution from heavy line auxiliary color to heavy auxiliary line in technique.The change of lotus pattern in the decoration of caisson wells reflects that the Buddhist grotto art of Xixia gradually formed its own grotto decoration style under the influence of the grotto art of Tang and Song Dynasties.This change also reflects the social history of the Xixia,especially the thoughts of the Buddhist schools.