明代中晚期南赣巡抚辖区及职权演变——以广东平远设县争端为中心

明弘治年间朝廷在赣州设立南赣巡抚加强对南岭山区的动乱治理。南赣巡抚下辖跨越四个布政司的广阔巡抚辖区,看起来辖区广阔,职权却为中央限制,施政常受阻碍。嘉靖末年,南赣巡抚为加强动乱治理与拓展施政空间,提议在邻省广东设立新县划入江西赣州府,此举立刻引起广东官员集体反对。虔粤双方此后围绕平远设县事宜展开争夺。以该次设县争端为中心,通过梳理南赣巡抚在明代中后期为了打破施政困局的种种努力,讨论明代中晚期南赣巡抚的巡抚辖区以及职权的演变情况。

Changes of the Jurisdiction and Authorities of the Nan Gan Governor During the Middle and Late Ming Dynasty

During the Hongzhi reign of Ming Dynasty, the central government set up the Nan Gan Governor to strengthen its management of the Nanling Mountainous Area. The Nan Gan Governor was allocated a vast area encompassing four provinces under its jurisdiction. While it seemed that the jurisdiction of the Nan Gan Governor was vast, its actual authority of office was rather limited by the central government and, consequently, its administration often hindered. At the end of the Jiajing reign, in order to strengthen its governance and expand its jurisdiction area, Nan Gan Governor proposed to set up a new county in neighboring Guangdong province and transfer it to Ganzhou-fu, Jiangxi Province. This action immediately aroused the collective opposition of Guangdong officials. After that, the two sides competed for the establishment of Pingyuan County. Focusing on the dispute over the establishment of counties, this paper discusses the evolution of the governor’s jurisdiction and authorities by combing various efforts from the Nan Gan Governor in order to break the governance dilemma in the middle and late Ming Dynasty.