美国发展生态旅游的经验与启示

生态旅游的概念自20世纪80年代由国际保护联盟首次提出以来,世界范围内的生态旅游已经有长足的发展,美国走在了世界的前列。90年代以来,我国也提出了发展生态旅游的概念,但从目前生态旅游具体运作上来看,我们无论在理念上和方法上都与国际社会存在着很大的差距。在对美国生态旅游深入考察调研的基础上,笔者剖析了浙江省的生态旅游现存的问题,并从生态旅游规划、管理等方面提出了建设性的建议。

AMERICAN EXPERIENCE AND ITS INSPIRATION ON ECO-TOURISM DEVELOPMENT

Great progress has been made in the worldwide eco-tourism since The World Conservation Union(IUCN) put forward the concept of eco-tourism for the first time in 1980s and U.S stands in the forefront among the countries.Based on the understanding as a kind of industry,tourism development has been paid more and more attention by all circles.Eco-tourism has been put forward in China since 1990s;however,there is still great difference in conceptions and methods according to its current specific operation compared with U.S.The author introduced the experience of American ecological tourism on the basis of deep investigation.The article cited present status of eco-tourism in Zhejiang Province as a case study,analyzed the problems and posed some suggestions about eco-tourism planning and management. At first,on the basis of six months investigation and study,the author made an analysis of the dynamics and causes of eco-tourism developing in American.As follows,the writer introduced the methods and experiences of American eco-tourism developing in five aspects: perfect planning of eco-tourism;intensive legislations to promote ecological tourism;integration of propaganda and education for eco-tourism;strengthening the management of eco-tourism;improving the widely environments to make better conditions for eco-tourism developing.Combining American experiences and present atmosphere of eco-tourism progress of Zhejiang province in China,the third part of the paper posed four new ideas to promote progress on eco-tourism of Zhejiang province.