Midlatitude measurements of the ionospheric electric field during the ALADDIN programme |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IPE–CSIC), Zaragoza, Spain;2. Regional Climate Group, Department of Earth Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Sweden;3. Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark;4. Department of Geography, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt;1. Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science and Technology, International Institute for Earth System Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China;2. Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, Nanjing 210023, China;3. Department of Land Surveying and Geo-Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic, Hong Kong 999077, China;4. School of Resources and Environment, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610054, China;5. Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;6. Department of Geographic Information Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China;1. School of Biological Sciences, The University of Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia;2. CSIRO Land and Water, PMB2, Glen Osmond, South Australia 5064, Australia;3. Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Berlin, Germany;4. School of Earth, Atmosphere and the Environment, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia;5. Centre of Microscopy Characterisation and Analysis, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Hwy, Crawley, Perth, Western Australia 6009, Australia |
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| Abstract: | Three measurements of ionospheric electric field were made during the 24 h ALADDIN rocket programme at Wallops Island (37°50′N, 75°29′W) on June 29–30, 1974. The first of these used a double probe instrument, flown at 1500 Local Solar Time, and the second and third measurements were made by barium cloud releases at evening and morning twilight. These three electric field vectors have been compared with the predictions of a number of models of electric field due to the dynamo effects of various atmospheric tides, and also of a possible magnetospheric origin. On the assumption that the measurements were made at a location equatorward of the afternoon convergence and poleward of the morning divergence in the electric field patterns related to the Sq current cystem, Stening's model of the diurnal variation of the electric field induced by the (1, −2) tidal model at the time of the Summer solstice correctly predicts the directions of the observed electric field. Forbes and Lindzen's model, incorporating the three major propagating tidal modes as well as the evanescent (1, −2) mode, also bears an acceptable relationship to the ALADDIN electric field directions. The ALADDIN E-field magnitudes are comparable with those obtained by ground-based observations (incoherent scatter) from Millstone Hill and from Saint Santin but are about half of Stening's model values, and three times those of Forbes and Lindzen.While the Millstone Hill E-field directions are compatible with the ALADDIN observations, Saint Santin E-field directions, at the same latitude but 75° difference in longitude, are distinctly different from ALADDIN, implying that longitudinal differences are significant. |
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