企业孵化器及其空间分析——以西安创业服务中心为例

企业孵化器在我国又称创业服务中心。在转化科技成果、孵化高新技术企业、培育企业家,以及推动区域经济的发展方面有巨大的贡献。本文分析企业孵化器特征及其与高新区的关系基础上分析了其空间区位选择、空间关系以及景观、经济、体制思想文化和生态等空间功能。在研究国外企业孵化器发展的基础上提出了独立型、半独立型以及包含型等三种外部空间结构,文章以西安创业服务中心为例进行研究,结论是:孵化器的成功在于宏观空间区位定位的准确,更在于微观区域创新环境的培育。同时从地理学的角度研究了企业孵化器,为其实现可持续发展、加速技术的商业化、产业化、国际化并推动区域经济的发展,提供建议。

BUSINESS INCUBATOR AND ITS SPATIAL ANALYSIS--Take Xi'an Business Incubation Center as an Example

Business incubator is called Business Incubation Center in China. It has contributed a lot to accelerating the use of new technological achievements in production, fostering entrepreneurs so as to develop regional economy. The paper puts forward that the incubator is caricatured with non-returns, regional environmental quality and hyper-mobility of production factors for its social function in creating quality micro-environment for new enterprises. It also compensates the disadvantage of HTDZ in the absence of good environment for new enterprises. Based on the discussion of the characteristics and the relation between the incubator and the Hi-tech industries development zone. The paper analyzes the choice of its spatial location and the spatial function of its landscape、economy、system and culture innovation、eco-environment, etc. Based on the incubator of domestic and foreign country, this paper also thinks that the incubator can be divided into three styles:completely independent type、incompletely independent type、included type of outer spatial structure. That management innovation and information service innovation etc. are the foundation of erect regional innovational environment for the incubator. The paper also takes Xi'an Business Incubator Center as an example to study the incubator and concludes that the success lies in the right macro spatial location of the incubator, and the more important thing is to cultivate the micro environment. So the paper studies the incubator from a geographic perspective, and raises some suggestions to realize its sustainable development and accelerate the commercialization、industrialization and globalization of technological achievements and the development of regional economy.