圆明园如园延清堂遗址局部勘探所获建筑材料的评价及其保护建议

圆明园位于北京西郊海淀,是清朝帝王在150余年间创建和经营的一座大型皇家宫苑,在世界园林史上有着非常重要的地位。本研究以如园延清堂基址为示范点,逐步探索如何对圆明园进行保护而做的一些基础工作。此次调查布置人工探查点4个,具体揭露延清堂基址的部分基础形式,并对揭露的三合土地基进行单轴抗压试验,提供三合土地基的天然单轴抗压强度及饱和单轴抗压强度,最后对不同深度的单轴抗压强度对比分析,结果表明大理岩条石作为文物有灭失的可能,应当重点进行保护;三合土地基上部及下部单轴抗压强度较低,中部单轴抗压强度较高,暴露于地表的三合土也急需保护。

Survey and evaluation of building materials of the Yan Qing Tang site in theYuan Ming Yuan ruin

Yuan Ming Yuan, a large royal garden created and operated by the Qing Dynasty emperors for more than 150years, is located in Haidian District, a western suburb of Beijing and plays a very important role in world history. This paper uses Yan Qing Tang site as an example for exploring how to preserve other structures in the Yuan Ming Yuan ruin. The survey utilized four manuallydug exploratory wells to clarify part of Yan Qing Tang's foundations, specifically to provide information about the natural and saturated uniaxial compressive strength of the limesoils using the uniaxial compression test. The uniaxial compressive strength of the limesoils at different depths was analyzed and compared. We conclude that the marble stone foundation is in danger of being lost and needs special protection; the top and the base of the concrete foundation have low uniaxial compressive strength while the middle part has higher strength. Both the stone foundations and the limesoils exposed at the surface need protection.