绅士化语境下的失所现象:概念溯源及研究综述

失所（displacement）现象历来受到国际学界的广泛关注。本文主要探讨因绅士化而造成的失所现象，并对西方理论体系和实证研究进行较全面的综述。因绅士化造成的失所可分为直接性失所和间接性失所。依据不同的形成原因，直接性失所分为物质性失所和经济性失所，而间接性失所包括排斥性失所和潜在性失所。在笛卡尔式空间观的主导下，西方主流失所研究历来偏重直接性失所，而忽视间接性失所。本文认为，间接性失所背后的列斐伏尔空间观应纳入到失所理论体系中，以更好地指导失所实证研究。本文指出，结合中国现实，对失所现象进行理论化与概念化，对于转型期中国可持续城市发展具有现实与深远的意义。

GENTRIFICATION-INDUCED DISPLACEMENT: CONCEPTS AND LITERATURE REVIEW

The phenomenon of residential displacement has received substantial attention among scholars. This article discusses gentrification-induced displacement which is originated from the western contexts. Researchers often use quantitative method to investigate either the changes in the socio-demographic compositions of gentrifying neighbourhoods, or the migration patterns of targeted low-income social groups, so as to unravel the occurrence or scale of gentrification-induced displacement. The past decade has witnessed increasing interests in indirect displacement. Scholars have not only conducted empirical studies on various forms of indirect displacement, but also furthered the conceptualization of this phenomenon, such as everyday displacement, symbolic displacement, political displacement and cultural displacement. It is worth noting that, Lefebvre's philosophy of space is found to be an important perspective in researchers' interpretations of indirect displacement. Compared to western countries, cities in China are undergoing profound transformation. Two avenues for future research are provided:1) to conduct empirical studies on gentrification-induced displacement in Chinese cities, so as to reveal the patterns, causes and individual experiences of displacement; 2) to situate the research on gentrification-induced displacement within the broader theoretical framings such as social sustainability, social justice and right to the city, so as to seek pathways towards sustainable urban transitions in China.