中国集中连片特困地区贫困户致贫原因诊断及其帮扶需求分析

基于问卷调查和GIS空间分析，深入剖析贫困户的致贫原因与帮扶需求，识别不同地区的主要致贫原因与帮扶需求类型，探明二者的空间分布特征及其内在关联，并提出相应减贫对策。结果显示：①贫困具有多维性和多重内涵，贫困户的致贫原因类型多样、程度不等，但总体上收入和社会保障不足是其最普遍的致贫原因。贫困地区的主要致贫原因差别显著，同一致贫原因的致贫程度呈现明显地域特征。②贫困户帮扶需求类型多样化，但加大资金帮扶力度、提高基本公共服务水平是其最迫切的需求。贫困地区最主要的帮扶类型差别明显，对同一帮扶类型的需求程度不尽相同。③致贫原因在较大程度上影响着帮扶需求的类型及其空间分布，但不起决定性作用，二者存在错位现象。

STUDY ON THE POVERTY CAUSES AND AID DEMANDS OF POOR RURAL HOUSEHOLDS IN THE CONCENTRATED POVERTY-STRICKEN AREAS IN CHINA

Eliminating poverty to achieve common prosperity is an ideal that humanity constantly pursues. China has long insisted the government-led to promote poverty reduction and made remarkable achievements. However, China still have 70.17 million poor people in rural areas, becoming the biggest weakness for building well-off society. Based on the field survey and the analysis of questionnaires, this study not only deeply analyzes the causes of poverty and aid demands of the poor rural households in the in the concentrated poverty-stricken areas of China, but also verifies the main causes and types of aid demands. It also reveals the regional differentiation regularities and intrinsic connections of the two, and put forward targeted poverty reduction countermeasures according to different areas and types. Results shows that:1) Poverty is the comprehensive result of multiple factors that interact with each other, poverty possess multi-dimensional attribute and multiple connotation. 2) There is a significant diversity in the types of aid demands of poor rural households, but on the whole, increasing financial assistance and improving the level of basic public services are the most essential. 3) The main poverty causes and the main types of aid demands are of high consistency in nature, as matches with the regional differentiation basically.