中国春运人口流动网络的富人俱乐部现象与不平衡性分析

基于“百度地图春节人口迁徙大数据”,利用加权网络的富人俱乐部系数和归一化不平衡系数方法,对2015年中国春运期间人口流动网络的富人俱乐部现象和不平衡性进行分析。研究结果表明：中国春运人口流动网络中存在明显的富人俱乐部现象,富人俱乐部城市包括北京、上海、广州、苏州、深圳和东莞,这些城市主导了超过77.66%中国城市的省际人口流动,且与这些城市之间的人口流动多属于不平衡关系,同时俱乐部城市之间、俱乐部城市与一小部分城市之间则属于平衡关系,这种流动格局很容易造成各城市在人口流动网络中的地位分化,严重影响了人口流动网络的公平性和安全性。

RICH-CLUB PHENOMENON AND DISEQUILIBRIUM OF CHINA'S POPULATION FLOW NETWORK DURING SPRING FESTIVAL TRAVEL PERIOD

1 out of every 6 persons in China is part of the migrant population. The study on population flow is of immense significance in promoting social stability and sustained economic growth. However, population flow cannot be separated from the focus on its origins and destinations. Several network analysis methods have been used, such as the rich-club coefficient method, to analyze population flow problems. On the one hand, rich-club coefficient analysis is conducive to optimizing population flow network; while on the other hand, it is conducive to analyzing security issues with the population flow network. Therefore, this paper uses the weighted rich-club coefficient and normalized unbalance index based on Baidu Map Spring Festival Population Migration Data, to analyze the rich-club phenomenon and unbalance characteristics of China's population flow network during the 2015 Spring Festival. Results show that there is an obvious rich-club phenomenon in the population flow network during China's Spring Festival travel period. "Rich club" cities include Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Suzhou, Shenzhen and Dongguan, which have dominated the interprovincial population flows of more than 77.66% of cities in China. Besides, in terms of population flows, most of these cities keep unbalanced relationship with "rich club" cities, while only other "rich club" cities and a small part of the cities are able to keep relative balance flows with "rich club" cities.