企业主义视角下大城市保障房建设的策略选择及其社会空间后果

城市企业主义是理解地方政府行为与城市空间变迁的重要政治经济视角,在中国推进经济全球化和住房市场化的背景下,企业化的地方政府,特别是大城市政府,在保障房的建设实践中往往采取偏向性的策略选择。本文着重讨论企业主义视角下大城市政府保障房建设的策略选择及其社会空间后果。研究发现,大城市政府主要通过实施保障房政策的异化和保障房住区的边远化策略,来履行其住房保障职责。然而,这种选择性策略带来的直接的社会空间后果是低收入群体的边缘化,具体表现为外来务工人员等在保障政策上的边缘化,以及保障房居民在社会空间上的边缘化。文章进一步指出,保障房应回归其保障本位,以满足低收入群体的真实需求。

SELECTIVE STRATEGIES OF AFFORDABLE HOUSING CONSTRUCTION AND ITS SOCIO-SPATIAL EFFECTS IN LARGE CHINESE CITIES FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF ENTREPRENEURIALISM

Originated in North America in the 1970s, gradually broadcast to Western European countries, urban entrepreneurialism is now an important political-economical view used widely by Chinese scholars to explain the role of local government and urban evolution in transitional urban China. Under the context of marketization and globalization in the post reform era, especially after housing commercialization in 1998, local governments (especially municipal city governments) in large Chinese cities, often carried out selective strategies in the practice of affordable housing construction. This paper puts emphasis on strategies of affordable housing construction and its socio-spatial effects. Based on our research group's empirical studies in Guangzhou and Chongqing separately in May and June, 2015, combined with secondary materials analysis, such as statistical data and government plans and policy documents in Shanghai, Beijing and Shenzhen, this study examined entrepreneurial strategies of affordable housing construction and its implications in large Chinese cities nowadays. It is argued that "alienation of affordable housing policies" and "suburbanization of affordable housing estates" are two frequently-used implementation strategies of affordable housing policy in large Chinese cities. A civilized city is defined not only by its quality of living, but also by the "right to the city" of citizens. This research further points out that affordable housing should be returned to its own "security" post so as to meet real demands of low-income groups.