明末的"辽人"与"辽军"

“辽人”是明代东北地区的汉族区域群体,因长期的边塞生活而具有边疆特点的社会性格。后金进入辽东后,“辽人”有抗、殉、降、逃等不同的表现,反映出他们的复杂心态。清太祖晚年民族矛盾激化,“辽人”奋起抵抗,组成“岛兵”与“关宁辽军”两大军事集团,“辽军”遂成为抗金(清)主力。清太宗即位后,明、清双方展开了对“辽人”与“辽军”的争夺。清太宗调整民族政策,改善汉族待遇,并以军事胜利为后盾,重用、“思养”汉宫为政治号召,积极争取“辽军”,效果显,终于化顽敌为羽翼,大批“辽人”加入清军,为清朝开国做出了重要贡献。

On the "People of Liao" and "the Army of Liao" in the End of Ming Dynasty

Liao people" is a regional colony of Han in northeastern China in Ming dynasty. They fostered a frontier characteristics for a long living in the borderland. In the late period of Taizu of Qing dynasty, national contradiction there got acute, "Liao people" organized two military groups of "Dao army "and "Guanningliao army" to resist and therefore the "Lao army" became main force to be against Jin(Qing).After Taizong of Qing dynasty succeeded to the throne, Ming began to vie with Qing for the "Liao people" and "Liao Army". Taizong adjusted his policy to Han people, and improved the treatment to Han people. Backed by his military victory, Taizong put forward the political slogan of putting Han officials in the key position and supporting Han officials favorablely .This active policy changed the obstinate foe into assistant at last . A lot of "Liao pople" joined in Qing's army and made great contribution to the founding of Qing dynasty.