中国大城市边缘区的概念辨析及其划分

城市边缘区是城市化的前沿地区,是城乡作用力交织碰撞的地域空间,对它的概念描述及划分因城乡发展的背景各异以及研究角度的差异而不同。本文回顾了国内外城市边缘区概念的发展,比较了我国描述城市边缘地带的几个概念之间的差异及其使用范围,针对当前国情,提出了突出地域空间、土地、社会、经济方面特征的城市边缘区概念;结合常用的划分边缘区的几种方法,以武汉市为例,提出从城市规划角度划分边缘区的主要原则及其方法。

THE CONCEPT AND DIVIDING ON URBAN FRINGE IN CHINA

Urban fringe is the front regional of the urbanization,also is the regional space that urban effects and countryside effects interweave and collide.The concepts and the standards of dividing urban fringe are different because the backgrounds of development of the urban and the countryside and the points of view for research are different. The first part of this thesis reviews the development of the concept of urban fringe in foreign countries since the Germany geographer H.Louis firstly brought forward this concept in 1936.Then it compares the differences about some concepts for area between urban and rural in China such as suburb,crisscross area of urban and rural,urban fringe,and defines their bounds for use.Because the condition for this concept's confusion,it is considered that the concept of urban fringe is more suitable than other concepts to describe this special area for the following reasons.First,urban fringe directly perceived reflects the trends and intermediate state about the area between the urban and the countryside.Second,the concept of urban fringe has a relatively long history of its development,and it has been introduced for a long time in China.Last,the concept of urban fringe accords with the history and presents condition relation between the urban and the countryside. The second part of this thesis summarizes several principal methods for dividing urban fringes,such as "fissure point" analysis method,quota deciding method,"extent landscape disorder" judgment method,synthetically define method at all.From this comparison,the author considers that the standard of dividing urban fringes is different in our practical researches Last,taking Wuhan City as an Example,this thesis divides its urban fringes by the above principles and the stages of city advance.Dividing Wuhan City's urban fringe for five periods: 1949-1957,1958-1965,1966-1976,1977-1990,1991-2000,and indicates by the illustration after innovating and opening in 1980's and 1990's for some concrete situations,such as the boundary of urban essential factor's extent,the boundary of urban administrative areas,the building of circular roads in urban outside,the range of urban planning area,and the protecting area of flood prevention.