毛泽东“放权”改革的路径与特征分析

本文主要分析了社会主义改造前后毛泽东提出"放权"改革的历史动因和理论依据,阐述了毛泽东"放权"改革的路径选择,理性地总结和分析了毛泽东"放权"改革的特征.认为毛泽东"放权"改革的目的是为了解放生产力,但是他的"放权"改革没有触及国家与企业的实质关系,也未能真正理顺中央、地方、企业的关系,中央和地方分权主要是行政分权,忽视了市场机制的作用;没有将以"放权"为核心内容的经济管理体制改革与政治体制改革结合起来,同步推进"放权"改革;对中央和地方的权力分配上没有掌握好一个合适的界限,"放权"和"收权"都带有很大的主观随意性.

An analysis of the path and characteristics of Mao's power division reform

This paper makes an analysis of the historical inducement and theoretical gist of Mao's power division reform during the period of socialist reconstruction.Meanwhile the author also illustrates the path choice and summarizes the characteristics of the reform.Namely,Mao's reform aimed at the liberation of the productivity,however his reform didn't touch the ground of the relationship between the government and the enterprise.The power division between the central and local governments was restricted in the field of administration without any notice of the market mechanism.There was no combination of the economy and political administrant systems to advance the reform synchronously,and there was also no suitable borderline of the power distribution between the central and local governments.Power division and power control was executed subjectively.