乡村旅游对贫困山区农户多维贫困的影响研究

在分析乡村旅游对农户多维贫困影响机理的基础上，利用陕西4市22个乡村旅游扶贫村农户调查数据，采用内生转换回归模型，定量分析了乡村旅游对贫困山区农户多维贫困的影响。研究发现：多维贫困程度越深，农户参与旅游比例越低，乡村旅游不具有天然益贫性；参与旅游能够显著减缓农户的多维贫困。从单维贫困看，乡村旅游对调查地农户的经济、教育、生活水平和权利维度具有显著的减贫效应，其中对生活水平的减贫效应最大，健康维度效应不显著；参与和未参与乡村旅游的农户在多维贫困以及经济、生活水平维度的减贫影响因素存在着显著差异，而在教育、健康、权利维度的减贫影响因素差异不大。据此，从乡村旅游经营、精准帮扶、权益保障等方面提出对策建议。

RURAL TOURISM AND ITS IMPACTS ON THE RURAL HOUSEHOLDS' MULTIDIMENSIONAL POVERTY IN POOR MOUNTAINOUS AREAS IN CHINA

After the theoretical analysis of rural tourism's impact on households' multidimensional poverty, the paper makes an empirical research on the effects of rural tourism on multidimensional poverty by the Endogenous Switching Regression (ESR) model with the survey data of 22 tourism poverty alleviation villages in four cities of Shaanxi Province, China. The results show that:Firstly, the larger the multidimensional poverty is, the lower the proportion of households participating in tourism. Rural tourism doesn't benefit the poor intrinsically. Secondly, in general, households participation in rural tourism has significantly reduced their multidimensional poverty. From a single dimension, rural tourism participation has significant reduction effects on the dimensions of households' economic status, education, living standards and rights poverty. Specifically, it has the largest poverty reduction effects on households living standards, but the effects on health dimension is not significant. Thirdly, significant changes of the factors influencing the multidimensional poverty index, economic status and living standards exist between the households participating tourism and those not, but there are no significant changes of the factors influencing the education, health and right poverty. Therefore, we put forward the suggestions including:improving rural tourism, innovating management modes; distinguishing the participating and non-participating households to carryout precise propoor assistances; and protecting the rights and interests of rural households in the development of rural tourism through systematic designs.