北京城市建成环境对居民宜居满意度的影响

基于2013年宜居北京大规模问卷调查数据和北京市基础地理信息数据，探讨了北京市居民宜居满意度的空间特征，并运用多层线性模型进一步分析城市建成环境对居民宜居满意度的影响。研究发现，北京市宜居满意度总体良好，空间分布存在中心高边缘低的特征。城市建成环境对居民宜居满意度存在显著影响。其中，丰富多样的服务设施、适宜的人口密度以及便捷的公共交通能够促进居民宜居满意度提升，而单一的土地利用和邻近商业中心则会降低居民宜居满意度。除此之外，城市建成环境对宜居满意度的影响在空间上存在异质性，同时建成环境对宜居满意度的影响在不同阶层中存在差异性，人口密度和服务设施多样性对中低收入群体的宜居满意度提升明显。

THE INFLUENCE OF BEIJING'S BUILT ENVIRONMENT ON RESIDENTS' LIVABILITY SATISFACTION

Under the background of rapid urbanization, the study of livability of cities from the perspective of geographical space is attracting more and more attention. Based on livable Beijing large-scale questionnaire survey datain 2013 and basic geographic information datain Beijing, this paper discusses the spatial characteristics of Beijing residents' livable satisfaction, and analyzes the impact of urban built environment on residents' livable satisfaction by using the Multi-level model. The study found that the overall livability satisfaction in Beijing is good, and the spatial distribution is characterized by high center and low edge. Urban built environment has a significant impact on residents' livability satisfaction. Among them, diverse service facilities, appropriate population density and convenient public transportation can promote residents' livability satisfaction, while single land use and proximity to commercial centers can reduce residents' livability satisfaction. In addition, there is spatial heterogeneity in the impact of built environment on livability satisfaction, and the impact of built environment on livability satisfaction is different among different classes. Population density and service facility diversity significantly improve livability satisfaction of middle and low-income groups.