西方城市居住行为研究进展及其对中国的启示

改革开放40年以来,住房市场化转型使中国拥有了一个相对独特的住房制度环境,对城市空间结构、居民居住状况和民生福祉等各方面都产生了深远影响。中央政府明确强调需加快研究建立符合国情、适应市场规律的房地产基础性制度和长效机制,而这需要对城市居民微观居住行为进行深入研究。居住行为作为城市地理学的重要议题,近年来,相关研究虽不断涌现,但尚缺乏系统的理论梳理和实证研究总结。本文利用知识图谱可视化刻画了居住行为研究热点的演化,从居住迁移、住房产权获得、住房生涯三方面对西方相关研究进展和前沿进行评述,并进一步梳理了居住行为与城市空间的关系,以深化对城市居住空间分异机制的理解;在总结中西方差异的基础上,对中国现有实证研究进行了回顾;立足于中国国情和现有住房政策,分别从理论、内容、数据和方法三个方面对未来中国居住行为研究方向进行展望,旨在引起学术界对居住行为的关注,为推动中国居住行为研究理论构建、理解社会空间重构机制提供参考。

A LITERATURE REVIEW OF RECENT PROGRESS ON WESTERN URBAN HOUSING BEHAVIOR: IMPLICATIONS FOR CHINA'S HOUSING STUDIES

Housing represents an important dimension in the reproduction of social inequality in China. Individual housing behavior is shaped by urban social space and simultaneously reconstructs urban space. In this paper, making use of knowledge graph visualization technique, we demonstrate the research trends and latest developments in the field of housing behavior. A growing body of literature has emerged concerning homeownership and residential mobility. Furthermore, based on a review of the recent Western literature, we delineate the concept of housing behavior from its three essential components: residential mobility, homeownership attainment and housing career. And we review the studies on each on them in the Western contexts. The relationship between housing behavior and urban space is also discussed and elaborated to further understand the mechanism underlying residential differentiation. After summarizing the differences between Chinese and Western contexts and reviewing the existing literature on housing behavior in China, we highlight several future research directions based on the discussion of current housing problems and newly launched housing policies.