Cosmopolitisme et transferts culturels le cas des Juifs allemands |
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Authors: | Enzo Traverso |
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Affiliation: | 1. Département des Sciences politiques, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, P?le Universitaire Cathédrale, BP 2716, F-80027, Amiens Cedex 1
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Abstract: | During the XIXth century, the socio-economic rise and cultural assimilation of the German Jews generated two contradictory tendencies: on the one hand, their integration into the German nation, which they pursued willingly; and, on the other, their cosmopolitanism, which resulted from their location at the center of a socio-economic network on a continental scale and a wide migratory movement. The Jews thus contributed to the development of a cultural concept ofMitteleuropa as opposed to the geopolitical and expansionist concept upheld by Pan-Germanism. German-Jewish cosmopolitanism found its expression on different levels: in the religious field, the school of the «Science of Judaism» (Wissenschaft des Judentums) became a model for the modernisation of Jewish culture in most European countries: in the economic field, emancipated German Jews consolidated their financial and commercial transnational network, which existed from the age of the «Court Jews» (Hofjuden); in the political field, radical German Jews played a leading role in the diffusion of Marxism as a universalist intellectual current, crossing national borders. Generally speaking, German Jews played a pivotal role in a process of cultural transfers stretched on more than a century. After Nazism came to power, German-Jewish cosmopolitanism took the way of exile, trying to preserve the legacy ofAufklärung. |
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Keywords: | KeywordHeading" >Mots-Clés Juifs Allemagne Europe centrale cosmopolitisme transterts culturels exil |
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