Opportunity,willingness and geographic information systems (GIS): reconceptualizing borders in international relations |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands;2. Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands;3. Department of Radiology, Ostfold Hospital Trust, Ostfold, Norway;4. Department of Clinical Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Danderyd Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden;1. Forest Research, Northern Research Station, Roslin & Alice Holt Lodge, Farnham, UK;2. Faculty of Forestry, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje, Skopje, Macedonia;3. Forest Research Institute, NAGREF, Vassilika, Thessaloniki, Greece;4. CABI, Delémont, Switzerland;5. Faculty of Forestry, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia;6. Department of Zoology and Entomology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Cnr Lynnwood and University Roads, Hatfield, Pretoria, South Africa;7. Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden;8. Department for Forest Protection and Game Management, Croatian Forest Research Institute, Jastrebarsko, Croatia;9. University of Forestry, Sofia, Bulgaria;10. Department for Innovation in Biological, Agro-food and Forest Systems, University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy |
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| Abstract: | This article reports on a continuing project which has developed a major reconceptualization and revision of how borders may be seen and measured through the use of GIS. Using the data layers of the ARC/INFO GIS system, a new dataset has been developed which allows analysts to talk about the specific qualities of borders in terms of opportunity and willingness, that is, the ease of interaction and salience, respectively. The theory and method behind this reconceptualization is described. The results are represented both in visual terms—maps—and through the use of a quantitative dataset which lets us go beyond simply observing the number of borders a state possesses, whether or not a border existed between two states, or the length of that border. The dataset is presented and discussed, as well as preliminary analyses of the borders of conflict dyads from three separate conflict datasets. The basic ‘interaction opportunity’ model that underlies the opportunity and willingness framework is supported. |
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