南京国民政府时期国民党中央与立法院关系的变迁

南京国民政府时期,国民党中央与立法院之间的关系较为复杂。在不同的历史阶段上,二者关系有所变化。训政前期,国民党中央通过立法原则等手段直接控制立法院;抗战期间,控制更为直接,立法院的立法权部分被替代。在这两个阶段上,立法院为维护立法权的行使,不断向国民党中央提出建议,表示异议,但未否决过国民党中央的决定,尚未表现出反控制的倾向。宪政准备期间,立法院出现了反控制倾向;至"行宪"后,国民党中央的控制力大为减弱,立法院独立性与反控制倾向显著增强。二者关系的变迁是在思想观念、法律制度、组织状况等因素的综合作用下发生的,其对立法权的运作及整个国民党政权都产生了重要影响。

On Changing Relationships between the KMT Central and the Legislative Yuan in the Period of the Nanjing National Government

During the time of Nanjing National Government,the relationship between the KMT central and the Legislative Yuan was complicated and volatile in different historical periods. In the early stage of political tutelage,the KMT central kept the Legislative Yuan under its direct control by means of Legislative principles. During the anti-Japanese war,the KMT cen-tral enforced its control and partly replaced the legislative power. During both periods,the Legislative Yuan kept making recom-mendations to the KMT central to protect its legislative power,but did not veto the KMT’ s decision or showed a tendency to anti-control until the period of constitutional preparation. After“Implementation of Constitution”,the control of the KMT cen-tral greatly weakened,and the independence of the legislature and anti-control tendencies significantly enhanced. Those chan-ges were caused by combined effects of ideology,political and law institution and the KMT organization condition and had an important impact on operation of legislative power and the KMT regime.