集群社会资本对乡村民宿企业成长的影响研究——以丹霞山两村为例

采用质性研究方法，以丹霞山两村为例，探析集群社会资本对乡村民宿企业成长的影响机制。研究发现：集群社会资本由个体社会资本（企业纵向联系、市场网络和个人资源）和集体社会资本（社区合作网络和公共资源）构成。乡村民宿获取个体社会资本的存量取决于关系质量和关系数量，前者有利于降低成本、增加异质资源，后者能够补足企业综合性基础；乡村民宿吸纳集体社会资本的程度在于资源共享度和网络紧密度，前者决定了集体资源的存量，后者制约着民宿吸收转化集体资源的程度。个体社会资本影响企业的初创和生存，集体社会资本制约或促进企业的持续发展，两者相互作用共同影响企业成长。从集群社会资本视角可深化理解乡村民宿企业成长的机理，为我国乡村民宿业发展乃至乡村振兴路径提供指导。

THE INFLUENCE OF CLUSTER SOCIAL CAPITAL ON THE GROWTH OF RURAL HOMESTAY INNS: THE CASE OF TWO VILLAGES IN MOUNT DANXIA

Based on a case study of the clusters of rural homestay inns in Mount Danxia, qualitative research methods are adopted to explore the impact of cluster social capital on the growth of rural homestay inn enterprises. The study found that cluster social capital includes two levels, individual and collective, and the growth of rural homestay inn is jointly affected by individual social capital and collective social capital. Individual social capital includes vertical connections, market networks and entrepreneur personal networks, and collective social capital includes community cooperation networks and community public resources. The stock of individual social capital obtained by the rural homestay enterprise depends on the quality of the relationship and the number of relationships. The former is beneficial to reduce costs and increase heterogeneous resources, while the latter can complement the comprehensive foundation of the enterprise; The degree to which the rural homestay enterprise absorbs collective social capital depends on the degree of resource sharing and network closeness, the former determines the stock of collective resources in the cluster, and the latter restricts the degree to which homestay enterprise can absorb and transform collective resources. Individual social capital affects the start-up and survival of rural homestay enterprises, and collective social capital restricts or promotes the sustainable development of rural homestay enterprises. Individual social capital can be transformed into collective social capital, and collective social capital can enhance individual social capital, the interaction of the two together affects the growth of rural homestay enterprises.