关于我国核电发展与设立核电站布局“禁区”的思考

本文系统地阐述了我国核电站近十多年来呈现出大规模发展的态势。认为从我国的具体国情出发,需要在全国部分人口与经济密集、大中城市相对比较集中的地区设立核电布局的“禁区”。渤海沿岸是国家的政治核心与经济枢纽,渤海及其附近区域核污染关系到国家的安全。本文着重分析了渤海沿岸地带核电站发展的情况,并且认为渤海沿岸地带应该成为国家最主要的核电“禁区”,根据我国核电站发展的态势,建议在“十四五”时期,我国需要对近十年来的能源政策进行调整,要充分考虑到中国国情与国家利益,审视其可行性与合理性。在“核电绝对安全”的神话一再被破灭的情况下,重新调整核电发展方针,实行总量控制乃至逐步减少。

DISCCUSSION ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF NUCLEAR POWER AND THE ESTABLISHMENT OF “FORBIDDEN AREA” FOR NUCLEAR POWER PLANT LAYOUT

This paper systematically describes the trend of the large-scale development of nuclear power plant in China in recent ten years. Based on the concrete national conditions, this paper think it is necessary to clearly determine the geographical scope that does not conform to the landing of nuclear power plants, that is, to determine the "forbidden zone" of the layout of nuclear power plants. This paper also argues that it is necessary to set up "exclusion area" of nuclear power distribution in some areas of the country where the population and economy are dense. Meanwhile, it is also the case that "forbidden zones" should be set up for nuclear power distribution in areas where large and medium-sized cities are relatively concentrated.Bohai Sea coastal zone is the political core and economic hub of the country. The nuclear pollution in Bohai Sea and its adjacent areas is related to the national security. This paper emphatically analyzes the development of nuclear power plants that along Bohai Sea coastal zone. And this paper also suggests that along Bohai Sea coastal zone should be the most important nuclear power "forbidden area" in China. According to the development situation of nuclear power plants in China, this paper suggests that China should adjust its energy policy in the past decade during the period of 14th Five-Year Plan. It is necessary to fully consider China's national conditions and national interests, and examine its feasibility and rationality. When the myth of "absolute safety of nuclear power" has been repeatedly shattered, readjust the development policy of nuclear power, implement total amount control and even gradually reduce it.