西方道德地理研究述评——基于CiteSpace和人工检索的对比分析

利用CiteSpace软件对Web of Science数据库中道德地理相关文献进行共被引分析和关键词共现分析,对比人工检索和文献阅读的结果,对西方道德地理的研究进展进行系统梳理评述。研究结论：①对高中心性和高突现性文献的研究发现,关怀、伦理、道德、责任等关键词和远距离的关怀与责任、道德经济与道德消费、地方政治中的不平等与权利问题等三大研究主题构成了道德地理研究的一大理路,侧重阐释“道德的地理”;②早期道德地理著名学者Sack的系列论著并未能成为高引文献,原因一在于其理论的高度抽象和隐晦难解,二在于他试图建构普适的空间道德评判标准,因而很难被实证主义研究者们理解和追随,但他构建的“二元道德论”强调“地理的道德”,是道德地理研究的另一条理路,可以为评判地方道德提供了全面、明确而实用的标准,值得被后续研究发展和深化;③研究同时揭示：囿于数据库数据和技术手段的限制,单纯依靠文献分析软件的研究方式可能会出现偏差,高质量的人工检索阅读仍是文献研究的必然路径。

LITERATURE REVIEW ON WESTERN MORAL GEOGRAPHY STUDIES: A CONTRAST BASED ON CITESPACE AND MANUAL RETRIEVAL

This paper provides a systematic review on Western moral geography research. The review is started by applying CiteSpace software to conduct literature cocitation analysis and keyword copresentation analysis for literature searched in the Web of Science database. Analysis of the results reveals that care, ethics, morality, and responsibility are the main topics in the high centrality literature and high citation bursts literature; sociology, economics, and political science are integrated into research of moral geography, discussing issues of ‘care and responsibility at a distance’, ‘moral economy and moral consumption’, and ‘inequality and rights in local politics’. The review is followed by manual retrieval and snowball readings from the references of high centrality and high citation bursts literature. Manual retrieval and snowball readings implies that the classical theories proposed by Sack, an eminent scholar specializing on early moral geography, have not been highly cited for two reasons:1) his articles are highly abstract and obscure, which made it very hard to understand, and 2) he attempts to make universal moral criteria for any place, restraining the empirical studies to follow as they would be easily accused of leaving the "politically correct" track.