极边、次边、近里：北宋西北边疆层级体系三级制界说

学界关于北宋西北边疆层级体系到底是二级制还是三级制存在分歧，并有许多不够明确的地方。本文认为，北宋边疆层级体系在西北、北方两个方向是由极边、次边、近里构成的三级制。其中，河东路与河北路由于与辽的关系比较和缓，三级制的层级体系相对稳定。陕西路与京东路由于有西夏的和战关系以及女真崛起等因素的影响，尽管仍实行三级制，但其层级体系存在或多或少的变动。总体而言，北宋西北边疆层级体系是一种基于纵深防御理论的边防体系。

The Edge,the Frontier and the Suburb:the Three Hierarchies of the Northwest Borderland in the Northern Song Dynasty

Opinions are divided in the academic field on the point of two or three hierarchies of the northwest borderland in the Northern Song Dynasty and there are still uncertain points on it.This paper believes the three hierarchies which include the edge,the frontier and the suburb in the northwest and the northern directions.The three hierarchies in Hedong Lu(河东路)and Hebei Lu(河北路)were relatively stable because the relationship between Liao and them was steady.However,the three hierarchies in Shaanxi Lu(陕西路) and Jingdong Lu(京东路) changed more or less by the influence of the war with the Western Xia regime and the development of Nüzhen.Overall,the hierarchies of the northwest borderland in the Northern Song Dynasty constitute a kind of frontier defense system which based on the depth-defended theory.