清代以来黄渤海真鲷资源的分布、开发与变迁

黄渤海中所产之嘉鯕鱼,因其体征、肉质等方面原因,历来被视为一种名贵鱼类。清代以降,黄渤海真鲷资源数量异常丰富。造成清代山东登莱地区真鲷资源的异常丰富的原因,除了捕捞方式等原因之外,更为主要的则与海州湾真鲷资源一直未被开发有关。作为一种底层鱼类,其资源数量虽然一直比较稳定,但是清代一些重大环境变化,如明末清初和道光年间的变寒,以及1855年的黄河改道,使得真鲷资源在渔汛时间上和分布区域上都产生了变化。

The Distribution, Development and Quantitative Fluctuation of the Pagrosomus major in the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea since the Qing Dynasty

The Pagrosomus major which lives in the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea has been always considered as one kind of rare fish for its special physical sign and meat quality. Since the Qing Dynasty,the quantity of Pagrosomus major was exceptional abundant. Although the Pagrosomus major ever changed their migratory routes,the other migratory routes were almost consistent with the aquatic experts research except one route which the fishes swim to the bayou of the Yellow River to spawn. The reason why there was abundant Pagrosomus major in the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea in Qing Dynasty was that the fishermen used appropriate catching method. Moreover,the more important reason was that the abundant resources of Pagrosomus major in Haizhou Bay had never been explored since the Ming Dynasty. As one kind of demersal fishes,the quantity of Pagrosomus major was always stable. However,some fatal changes of nature environment which occurred in Qing dynasty made the fishing season and distribution area of the Pagrosomus major also changed in the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea.