产业要素配置结构对生产率的影响研究——以杨凌示范区为例

本文基于要素生产率变动的视角,以杨凌示范区为例,在分析产业要素配置结构对生产率的作用路径基础上,通过估算资本存量,分析产业要素配置结构的构成,并利用偏离-份额法研究产业要素配置结构对生产率的影响作用。研究结果表明,杨凌示范区存在产业要素错配,第二产业成为杨凌示范区经济增长的核心部门,而第一产业的要素投入与发展农业现代化的目标不协调;劳动生产率的增长主要来自产业内部的增长效应,而非配置效应,其经济增长主要依赖要素投入带来的产业规模扩张;资本生产率的增长主要来源于产业内部的作用,在杨凌示范区发展初期,产业要素配置结构对资本要素生产率起到了阻碍作用,但这一情况正在逐渐改善。

RESEARCH ON THE EFFECT OF INDUSTRY FACTOR ALLOCATION ON PRODUCTIVITY:A CASE STUDY OF YANGLING DEMONSTRATION ZONE

The flow of industrial factor among various industrial sectors contributes to economic growth by promoting the upgrading of industrial structure and improving the productivity of industrial factors. From the perspective of factor productivity variation in this zone, this paper, by adopting Shift-Share method, focuses on impact of allocation structure of industrial factors on productivity, analyzing the structure of industry factor allocation through assessing its capital stock, and examining the affecting routes of allocation structure to the productivity. The findings show that misallocation of resources exists in Yangling Demonstration Zone. The secondary industry has become the core of economic expansion,while in the first industry, the resource investment does not match the development objectives of agricultural modernization. The labor force and captial factor allocation in the three industries demonstrate the features like "tertiary industry declines, secondary industry rises, primary industry lowers".The growth in labor productivity comes mainly from the growth effect within the industry, rather than from allocation effect. Its economic growth mainly relies on scale expansion brought about by investing on industrial factors.