清季至民国华北的水旱灾害与作物选择

清以来 ,针对华北地区频发的水旱灾害 ,人们采取了许多积极有效的农业措施。相应作物的选择 ,加之不同的抗涝、抗旱技术 ,一定程度上改变了华北的微观作物布局。水灾环境下 ,选择抗涝性强的作物 ,如水稻、高粱等 ;而干旱环境下 ,则选择抗旱性强的作物 ,如豌豆、甘薯等。总之 ,相关作物的选择种植 ,处处显示出对灾荒环境的适应性

Floods and Droughts and Selection of Crops in North China from Late Qing Dynasty to the Republic Era

Since late Qing Dynasty, people adopted a lot of positive and effective agricultural measures aiming at the frequent floods and droughts in North China. The selection of the corresponding crops, in addition different water-resistant and drought-resistant technologies, has changed crop composition and distribution to a certain extent. Under the flooded environment, select the water-resistant crops, such as rice, Chinese sorghum, etc, while in the arid environment, the drought-resistant crops are selected, such as pea, sweet potato, etc. In a word, the selection and planting of the relevant crops, demonstrate the adaptability to the disastrous environment.