Photoshop虚拟修复在奉国寺壁画保护中的应用

义县奉国寺属辽代皇家寺院,寺内主殿大雄殿为辽代建筑,殿内四壁满绘壁画,规模宏大,绘制技法独特,对研究元代壁画具有极高的价值。但因战乱、地震等灾害受损严重,壁画保存现状堪忧。由于其保护难度大,病理研究尚不明确,目前无法对其进行实体保护修复,因此通过Photoshop对壁画线条病害、颜料病害和结构病害进行虚拟修复,虚拟修复内容包括对壁画表面覆盖物进行清理,对线条和颜料层缺失部分进行补全,对变色、褪色区域进行色彩校正,修复结果表明画面复原取得了良好的效果。Photoshop虚拟修复对于壁画保护是一种可行且有效的方法,可为之后的壁画保护提供参考、借鉴,同时也可以最大程度地提取壁画信息,有利于壁画的展示。研究结果表明Photoshop虚拟修复是数字化保护文物发展的重要方向。

Application of Photoshop virtual restoration to the murals of Fengguo Temple

Fengguo Temple in Yixian County is part of the royal monastery of the Liao Dynasty. The Grand Hall, the main hall of the temple, is a Liao building, the walls of which are full of murals of a grand scale and unique drawing techniques. It is of great value for the study of murals of the Yuan Dynasty. However, due to the serious damages caused by war, earthquake and other disasters, the preservation status of murals is quite worrying. Because of the difficulty in protection and the unclear mechanism research, it is impossible to carry out physical protection and restoration at present. Therefore, we tried dealing with the diseases of mural lines, pigments and structures in a virtual way using Photoshop. The contents of the virtual restoration include cleaning the mural surface covering, completing the missing parts of lines and colors, and correcting the discolored and faded areas. The results show that the restoration of the image has achieved good effects. Photoshop virtual restoration is a feasible and effective method for mural protection. It can not only provide references and lessons for subsequent physical protection, but also extract the value of murals to the greatest extent and be conducive to the display.