清代鄂温克族对外交换的发展及其影响

清代鄂温克族社会的对外交换是伴随着对外联系与交往的不断扩大而逐渐发展起来的,其发展主要表现为贡市贸易的繁荣、与汉族商号贸易的兴旺、集市贸易的形成、与周邻民族交换的经常化,以及因之引起的价值尺度变化。对外交换的经常化,使鄂温克族社会获得了前所未有的发展动力,从而推动和促进了私有制和商品生产的发展,并使社会成员的两极分化日益加剧。

Ewenki People's Goods Exchanging with Outer People and Its Influence during the Qing Dynasty

During the Qing period,followed more contact and communication with outer people,Ewenkis developed their goods exchanging with outer people,which can be showed by the flourish of tribute trade and the trade with Han people's commercial firm,the form of bazaar,the normalization of exchange with neighboring peoples,as well as the change of values in their lives.The exchange with outer people spurred Ewenki's social development,and the development of private ownership,commodity producing,as well as the polarization of social members.