Urban experimentation and institutional arrangements |
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| Authors: | Rob Raven Frans Sengers Philipp Spaeth Linjun Xie Ali Cheshmehzangi Martin de Jong |
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| Institution: | 1. Copernicus Institute of Sustainable Development, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlandsr.p.j.m.raven@uu.nl;3. Copernicus Institute of Sustainable Development, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands;4. Institute of Environmental Social Sciences and Geography, Freiburg University, Freiburg, Germany;5. Department of Architecture &6. Built Environment, Nottingham University Ningbo, Ningbo, People’s Republic of China;7. Faculty of Technology, Policy and Management, Delft University, Delft, Netherlands;8. School of International Relations and Public Affairs, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China |
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| Abstract: | ABSTRACTCurrently little is known about how institutional arrangements co-evolve with urban experimentation. This paper mobilizes neo-institutional literature and recent urban experimentation literature as a framework to explore how and why institutional arrangements differ across urban contexts. Empirically the paper focusses on smart city initiatives in Amsterdam, Hamburg and Ningbo. These three cities are frontrunners in adopting a comprehensive smart city agenda, but they do so in different ways. The paper examines regulative, normative and cognitive elements of institutional arrangements, explores how they shape experimentation, and reflects on their place-based specificities. The comparative analysis suggests that the focus of, and approach to, experimentation can be understood as resting in a (possibly unique) combination of strategic agency and dynamics at multiple spatial scales. |
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| Keywords: | Urban experimentation institutional arrangements smart cities comparative case study |
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