从建国后苏绣业的发展看手工业的政策和管理

建国后苏州刺绣业经历了从手工业到现代大工业的发展过程。 1 95 2年 ,我国提出了社会主义过渡时期的总路线 ,苏绣业开始由加工订货的方式走上了合作化道路 ,此后又经历了从刺绣生产合作社到转厂过渡以及刺绣加工机械化、自动化。事实证明 ,我国社会主义制度建立以后进行的生产合作化 ,是引导小生产者走上联合劳动道路的最好方式之一。但苏绣是一种特殊的手工业 ,是工艺美术手工业 ,在审美和情趣方面具有不同于一般手工业的独特表现。因此 ,在政策和管理上就需要区别对待 ,合作化以来屡屡出现的那种混淆差别、笼统管理的做法是欠妥的 ,也容易导致一些传统工艺走向衰落

The Government's Handicraft Policy as Seen from the Development of Suzhou Embroidery since the Founding of the People's Republic

Suzhou embroidery went through the development from handicraft to modern big industry after the founding of New China. The CPC formulated the general line for the transitional period in 1952 and very soon Suzhou embroidery was transformed from the stage of processing and supply contracts between the state and private enterprises to the cooperative production, then the embroidery production cooperatives changed into factories with mechanical and automatic embroidery processing. Facts prove that the production cooperativization following the establishment of socialist system in China is one of the best ways to guide the small producers onto the road of joint productive undertaking. However, Suzhou embroidery is a special handicraft, a combined form of art and handicraft, with unique aesthetic and temperamental features different from general handicraft. Therefore, with regard to the policy and management of Suzhou embroidery we should make concrete analysis of concrete conditions and deal with different handicraft in different ways. The sweeping management irrespective of different peculiarities commonly practiced after the cooperativization was not proper and could easily lead to the decline of some traditional craft.