Another (mud)brick in the wall: scientific analysis of Bronze Age earthen construction materials from East Crete |
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Authors: | Eleni Nodarou Charles Frederick Anno Hein |
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Institution: | 1. INSTAP Study Center for East Crete, Pacheia Ammos, 72200 Ierapetra, Crete, Greece;2. Department of Geography and the Environment, The University of Texas at Austin, USA;3. Institute of Materials Science, NCSR “Demokritos”, 15310 Aghia Paraskevi, Attiki, Greece |
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Abstract: | Mudbricks appear to have been one of the most common building materials used in domestic architecture in Bronze Age Crete. Well-preserved earthen construction materials from the sites of Vasiliki, Makrygialos and Mochlos in East Crete have been examined with regard to their macromorphological characteristics and their mineralogical and chemical composition in order to investigate the nature of the raw materials used, the technology of manufacture and the potential use of specific recipes. The methods applied include a combination of mineralogical and chemical analytical techniques, namely petrography, neutron activation (NAA), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. Finally, a range of raw materials from the immediate vicinity of each site were sampled and analyzed in order to compare with the archaeological data and identify potential sources. The analyses suggested that there is a degree of standardization in the recipes and the manufacturing process and that the selection of the raw materials depends on availability. |
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Keywords: | Mudbrick Earthen construction materials Petrography Neutron activation analysis X-ray fluorescence X-ray diffraction |
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