The Emirate of Córdoba (756–929 AD) and the introduction of the Egyptian mongoose (Herpestes ichneumon) in Iberia: the remains from Muge,Portugal |
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| Authors: | Cleia Detry Nuno Bicho Hermenegildo Fernandes Carlos Fernandes |
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| Institution: | 1. UNIARQ – Centro de Arqueologia da Faculdade de Letras da Universidade de Lisboa, Alameda da Universidade, 1600-214 Lisboa, Portugal;2. FCHS, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal;3. Centro de História da Faculdade de Letras da Universidade de Lisboa, Alameda da Universidade, 1600-214 Lisboa, Portugal;4. Centro de Biologia Ambiental da Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal;1. Department of Geology, University of Valencia, Dr. Moliner s/n, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain;2. Valencian Museum of Natural History, L’Hort de Feliu, P.O. Box 8460, Alginet, 46018, Valencia, Spain;3. INCYT-UPSE, Universidad Estatal Península de Santa Elena, 7047, Santa Elena, Ecuador;4. Departamento de Estratigrafía y Paleontología, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain;5. Netherlands Centre for Biodiversity, Naturalis, P.O. Box 9517, NL-2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands;1. Dipartimento di Fisica e Geologia, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Via A. Pascoli, I-06123, Perugia, Italy;2. PaleoFactory, Sapienza Università di Roma, Piazzale A. Moro 5, I-00185, Roma, Italy;3. Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Università degli Studi di Torino, Via Valperga Caluso 35, I-10125, Torino, Italy;4. Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK;5. Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Sapienza Università di Roma, Piazzale A. Moro 5, I-00185, Roma, Italy;6. De la Préhistoire à l’Actuel: Culture, Environnement et Anthropologie (PACEA), UMR 5199 CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, Bâtiment B18, Allée Geoffroy Saint Hilaire, CS 50023, 33615, Pessac, France;1. Department of Anthropology, University of Utah, 260 South Central Campus Drive, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA;2. Natural History Museum of Utah, University of Utah, 301 Wakara Way, Salt Lake City, UT, 84108, USA;3. Department of Anthropology, University of Connecticut, 354 Mansfield Road, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA;4. Department of Geography, University of Cambridge, Downing Place, Cambridge, UK;5. National Museums of Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya;6. Department of Anthropology, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY, 12222, USA;1. Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Secció de Zoologia i Antropologia Biològica, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, 08014, Barcelona, Spain;2. Departament de Biologia Animal, Biologia Vegetal i Ecologia, Unitat d''Antropologia Biològica, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Campus de Bellaterra, 08193, Bellaterra - Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain;3. Departament Dinàmica de la Terra i de l''Oceà, Facultat de Ciències de la Terra, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí Franquès s/n, 08028, Barcelona, Spain;4. Departamento de Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Alicante, 99, 03080, Alicante, Spain;5. Museo Municipal de Prehistoria y Paleontología, Calle Las Tiendas s/n, 18858, Orce, Granada, Spain;6. Departament de Psicologia Clínica i Psicobiologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Facultat de Psicologia, Passeig de la Vall d’Hebron, 171, 08035, Barcelona, Spain;7. Center for the Advanced Study of Human Paleobiology, Department of Anthropology, The George Washington University, Washington DC, USA;8. Departament de Mineralogia, Petrologia i Geologia Aplicada, Facultat de Ciències de la Terra, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí Franquès s/n, 08028, Barcelona, Spain;1. Museo di Geologia e Paleontologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Della Terra, Università di Torino, Via Valperga Caluso 35, I-10125, Torino, Italy;2. Evolutionary Studies, Institute and School of Geosciences, University of Witwatersrand, PO WITS, Johannesburg, 2050, South Africa |
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| Abstract: | We describe new finds of Herpestes ichneumon (Egyptian mongoose) from an archaeological context in Portugal, directly 14C dated to c. 800 AD. This is at least two centuries older than a previously reported find of this species from Andalusia (southern Spain; Riquelme-Cantal et al., 2008). Our finding provides further support to the hypothesis that the Muslims introduced this animal to the Iberian Peninsula. In particular, we suggest that Berber settlers might have brought it some time during the Umayyad conquest of Iberia or with the establishment of the Emirate of Córdoba. |
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