萧梁钱币铸造工艺模拟实验

中国古代的铸钱工艺从先秦至六朝皆系范铸工艺,隋唐以后采用砂型铸钱并一直沿用至清代末年。在这两种工艺之中应当有一个技术过渡期,从目前田野考古发现的铸钱遗址看,这个过渡期应在六朝。对于批量铸钱而言,范铸法铸钱技术最高形式即为叠式浇铸,而叠铸技术水平最高者,莫过于萧梁时期的双面纹叠铸范,它不仅以省工省料见长,并且一套范一次浇铸的钱数可达到500枚左右,这是汉代叠铸钱工艺无法实现的。本工作通过模拟实验验证了萧梁时期的无榫卯双面纹叠铸钱工艺的可操作性,力图阐明六朝萧梁时期铸钱工艺中制模制范技术的先进性,以及与汉代传统叠铸钱工艺的技术比较。

The simulation of coin-casting techniques used in the Liang Dynasty in the Six Dynasties

From the Qin Dynasty to the Six Dynasties,ancient coins were cast with clay moulds.From after the Sui and Tang Dynasties to the Qing Dynasty,they were sand cast from master coins.There should have been a transitional period between these two technologies.From current archaeological discoveries of coin casting sites,this transitional period appears to have taken place during the Six Dynasties.In terms of large scale production and casting from moulds,stack casting was the most advanced method.The most advanced technique in stack casting was the use of moulds with doublesided pattern during the Liang Dynasty of the Six Dynasties.It not only conserved labor and material,it could also produce about 800 coins in one cast.Such production could not be achieved by techniques used during the Han Dynasty.Through simulation,the viability of the stack casting technique using moulds with doublesided pattern was not only confirmed but also proven to be highly developed.There is also a comparison of the traditional casting techniques of the Han Dynasty.