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Rapid loss of endogenous DNA in pig bone buried in five different environments |
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| Authors: | A M H Eriksen H Matthiesen I Kontopoulos D Gregory C Snoeck G Zhang M J Collins M T P Gilbert |
| Institution: | 1. Environmental Archaeology & Materials Science, Conservation & Natural Sciences, National Museum of Denmark, Brede, Denmark;2. BioArCh, Department of Archaeology, University of York, United Kingdom;3. Analytical, Environmental and Geo-Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium
G-Time Laboratory, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Belgium;4. Section for Ecology and Evolution, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Denmark State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, Chinese Academy of Science, Kunming, China BGI-Shenzhen, 518083, Shenzhen, China;5. Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark;6. Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark The GLOBE Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark Norwegian University of Science and Technology, University Museum, Trondheim, Norway |
| Abstract: | The rate at which endogenous DNA from differently prepared (butchered, boiled and baked) compact pig bones degrades in five different Danish terrestrial and marine environments over 12 months was investigated. Although > 70% of the estimated endogenous mtDNA is lost after just four weeks of exposure, no cytosine deamination of DNA was recognised. A correlation between the presence of oxygen and the amount of preserved DNA was observed. The results provide valuable information on the interaction between the endogenous DNA and the depositional environment in the early stages of bone diagenesis, which can be a support in the interpretation of the initial diagenetic pathways of archaeological bone. |
| Keywords: | bone DNA metagenomics diagenesis environment |