《山海经·中山经》河洛地区山川考述

《山海经·中山经》对黄河中游至洛河、伊河一带山川的记述非常详实。由于《山海经》成书时代较早(一般认为是先秦时期的著作),至汉魏时期,其中的山川地名大多已湮没无闻。汉魏以来,历代学者先后对《中山经》所载的河洛地区山川进行了地名学的研究,但他们的研究结论多有不确之处,对其中很多山川的地望作出了错误的判断,甚至影响到了这一地区很多地名的命名。本文在前人基础上,考证《中山经》河洛地区诸山川的地望,并探讨《山经》时代人们对此地区地理环境的认识。

A Research on the Mountains and Rivers of He-Luo Region in the Chapter Zhongshan Jing of Shan Hai Jing

The chapter Zhongshan Jing (Classic of the Mountains: Central) of Shan Hai Jing (Classic of Mountains and Seas) presented the mountains and rivers of He-Luo Region in detail, basically from the middle reaches of the Yellow River to the Luo River and the Yi River. The earliest pieces of Shan Hai Jing were thought to have appeared since as early as the pre-Qin period, and many placenames had been lost in Han and Wei dynasties. Generations of scholars consecutively studied the geography and toponomy of these areas, but the results were barely precise or satisfying. Usually, an incorrect location assigned to a mountain or a river would mislead the naming of its surrounding areas. On the basis of previous work and documents, this article presents seven explanations of mountain and river positions in the He-Luo area and discusses the environmental consciousness of people in the time of Shan Hai Jing.